Wednesday, March 24, 2010

Special to Bayview Hill-Jake Sigg's Nature News


1. UCSF backing down on community commitment
2. Three positions open on the SF Animal Control & Welfare Commission
3. SF Library Branch Improvement Program - audit needed?
4. LTEs: GM crops v population/Wanted: very irritated voter/affect vs effect
5. Video of Caltrans' transplantation ofrare and endangered Franciscan manzanitafrom Doyle Drive
6. Endangered Species Big Year - best conservation idea of the year? Vote
7. Feedback: IOUSA video - goodbye to your Social Security check?
8. ACLU - is there a way to contact them?
9. Blue heron nesting reports
10. Encourage Congress to fund pollinator research - deadline March 24
11. April 8, find out about creepy-crawlies: praying mantises, honeybees, cockroaches, black widows, Jerusalem crickets, wasps, tarantulas, scorpions
12. Bah, humbug--the virtues of pessimism
13. Claremont Canyon field trip Saturday 27 March
14. For kids and adults: Hidden Life of the Desert
15. Vitamins: good website/Vitamin D is a flu fighter


1. UCSF has scheduled a community meeting regarding management of Mt Sutro open space:
Wednesday, March 24, 2010
6:30 p.m.
UCSF Millberry Union
500 Parnassus Avenue

The purpose of the UCSF meeting on Mt Sutro is to try to explain why the University it is reneging on its commitment to the community to implement theMt Sutro Open Space Reserve Management Plan it adopted in 2001, with heavy involvement by the community. People unfamiliar with management of natural resources often have the illusory view that management isn't necessary. The University, it now appears, is one of them.

Much work has been done on the mountain, but it has been done almost entirely by volunteers and with outside funding by the Rotary Club (for the Summit Garden). Aside from giving very little initial assist by its groundskeepers andfeeding pizza to the volunteers, it has done virtually nothing. The volunteer Sutro Stewards have logged over 20,000 hours over the last four years. Much of the work was heavy grunt work clearing blackberry and other dense brush and restoring trails in ungrateful terrain, not to mention heavy ongoing weed management. The University has plainly not held up its commitment to the 2001 management plan, and no amount of wordsmithing can put a good face on its abandonment of responsibilities to the community. As one who has donated hundred of hours of my time and knowledge, I feel abused and unappreciated.

In 2009 UC held two community meetings at which it presented its plan to manage two small sections of the eucalyptus plantation for specifically fire-hazard reduction, using funds it was to receive from FEMA. Present were representatives from the San Francisco Fire Dept and the California Dept of Forestry & Fire Protection who testified that the accumulation of fuel in the aging plantation represented a fire threat to the community. At Wednesday's meeting the University will explain why they have withdrawn the FEMA grant applications and, presumably, why fire is no longer considered a danger. Although there was opposition to the plan from a handful of activists, most attendees were very supportive, making UC's about-face puzzling.

The investments contributed by The Rotary Club of San Francisco and the Mt. Sutro Stewards volunteers stand to be lost again to the blackberry, broom and ivy without serious commitment and immediate funding for the necessary maintenance and proactive forestry management just to keep things the way they now are. I'm sure UC is not aware of the consequences of its decision; all the more reason why it should listen to people who do know.

If you have discovered this little paradise in the center of San Francisco and value what it offers as a habitat resource and an accessible Open Space area PLEASE PLAN TO ATTEND THE MEETING AND ASK THE UNIVERSITY TO BEGIN FUNDING THE PLAN THEY PROMISED THE COMMUNITY A DECADE AGO.

(I wrote an appreciation of the eucalyptus,The great Tasmanian blue gum and its management on Mt Sutro, as well as an explanation of the UC project's desirability in a past issue of this newsletter. In addition to comments on Plan management, I also raised the specter of landslides burying the new stem cell research buildings. Copy sent on request.)
Roy Blount, Jr:"When I mess up I have this terrible thing - I realize it."
Mark Shields: When a government official states that "This is not a change of policy" it means they've just changed their policy.

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2. As of April 30, 2010, three positions on the Animal Control and Welfare Commission will be open. One of these is for a veterinarian. The other two are for members of the public who have interest in and experience with animal matters. "Experience" is a fairly general concept. It is important to be able to represent all animals, including wildlife.

The application is the following: http://www.sfbos.org/Modules/ShowDocument.aspx?documentid=19462. It asks if you have attended meetings of the commission beforehand, although one of the present commissioners was appointed by a supervisor without ever having done so. The next meeting is on April 11th at 5:30PM in Room 408. It is necessary to appear before the Rules Committee and speak to be approved, and it is also necessary to have the application in 10 days before the scheduled hearing. Because the supervisors are very busy, the hearing may be delayed until June or July, but it would be important to file the application so as not to miss the deadline whenever it occurs.

If questions, contact Commissioner Philip Gerrie, glassgerrie@gmail.com, or Commissioner Pam Hemphill, sgoofoo@yahoo.com.

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3. From Howard Wong:

In the latest San Francisco Tomorrow Newsletter, Page 3 has an interesting article about the Library Branch Improvement Program and its financial history. Per the article, an audit seems timely---now that budget deficits threaten cutbacks for library services. With library projects ballooning in costs, a penny saved is a penny earned---which can buy more books, maintain library hours and stem layoffs.
In the past, the Civil Grand Jury, SF Weekly and private citizens have been unable to find detailed data on the Library's Branch Projects.

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4. LTEs:
The Economist

The expansion of food supply through GM crops will encourage faster population growth and exacerbate current and future water shortages. Enthusiasm is best reserved for processes that improve the availability of freshwater, such as reducing water pollution and improving efficiency in the use of water. Otherwise, humans will come to know their own version of Samuel Taylor Coleridge's "Rime of the Ancient Mariner" - Food, food everywhere, but not a drop to drink.

Michael Kemp, East Lansing, Michigan

SIR Political analysts continue to focus on the Republican extremist vote as the main threat to the Democratic majority in Congress in this years mid-term elections (Lexington, March 6th). Yet it is independent voters who have swung important elections in Virginia, New Jersey and Massachusetts over the past six months. Much of the resistance to health-care reform is coming from the centre, not the right. Centrists question the Democrats assurance that the health-care bill pays for itself, and with good reason.
On another point, I have lived for all but 12 of my 58 years in the United States and somehow have never encountered any of the startling characters you manage to turn up to put front and centre in your articles about life here. Where do you find these people? Do you advertise for them in local newspapers? Wanted: Very irritated voter, preferably reactionary, uses colourful language. As for the BBCs coverage, youd think the whole of America was populated with Elvis impersonators from Las Vegas.
Maggie McGirr,Greenwich, Connecticut
Guardian Weekly
For years I have shot off LTEs to various publications, taking them to task for using the very different wordsaffectandeffectinterchangeably. I didn't expect to ever direct one to theGuardian Weekly, but there in Gary Younge's comment piece was "...suggests that a critical mass of certain groups can have an affect on outcomes." Yi!!
How sharper than a serpent's tooth! I expect you to be a guardian of the language.

Jake Sigg
San Francisco

USAGEAffectandeffectare both verbs and nouns, but onlyeffectis common as a noun, usually meaning 'a result, consequence, impression, etc.'::my fathers warnings had noeffecton my adventurousness.The nounaffectis restricted almost entirely to psychology (seeaffect2). As verbs, they are used differently.Affectmost commonly means 'produce an effect on, influence': |smoking during pregnancy canaffectthe baby's development.Affectalso means 'pretend to have or feel (something)' (seeaffect3): |she affected a concern for those who had lost their jobs.Effectmeans 'bring about': |the negotiatorseffectedan agreement despite many difficulties.

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5. Video of Caltrans' transplantation ofrare and endangered Franciscan manzanitafrom Doyle Drive - 7 minutes


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6. IUCN Puts Endangered Species Big Year in the Mix for Best Conservation Idea of the Year!
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has listed the Golden Gate National Parks Endangered Species Big Year as one of the best conservation ideas of the year!
Now you can vote online to put the Big Year at the top of the list. Click here to make the GGNP Endangered Species Big Year the number one international conservation project of 2010!


The United Nations has declared 2010 as the International Year of Biodiversity, and the IUCN is working with the Wild Equity Institute and partners around the globe to raise awareness about the diversity of life around us.
Read more here.
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7. Feedback

Ian Wilson:
Dear Jake,Re 12. Comeback America; Turning the Country Around and Restoring Fiscal Responsibility.
Your readers might be interested to know that a 30 minute version of the video documentary IOUSA is here:
The full version is here:

Enjoy those Social Security checks while they last!

Siobhan Ruck:
I don't have a strong feeling about the Central Subway, but I think it's pretty chickenshit of someone to pass on their talking points with their name withheld. If they're not willing to be associated with their position, their "musings" shouldn't be given a platform.
Siobhan Ruck(name NOT withheld)
The party whose opinions were expressed sent it to me for my information, saying it was not for posting. I wanted the questions raised, even though speculative, so I asked the party if I could publish it Name Withheld. The party is closer to the subject than I am, and I thought the questions/speculations were worth raising. At any rate, the responsibility is mine.

John Maybury:
Email is all over the place due to all the different competing formats and service providers. Its a bafflement to me. I am a technodummy. I wish they would just get over their computer/engineering/technology pissing match and agree to one single standard for all such things, instead of putting us laymen through this ordeal---one computing platform, one email provider, etc. Well, I can dream, cant I?
When I consider that removing packaging of shipped items sometimes requires a hammer, tongs, and knife--when even opening a CD or sack of peanuts is a challenge--I'm less and less expectant that geeks who invent these things couldn't care less about us. You'd think their marketing depts would care, but apparently not.

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8. ACLU - American Civil Liberties Union

Although the American Civil Liberties Union enjoys a moderately high rating from charity-rating organizations, I have a personal rating system that demotes it. I was formerly a contributor, but that was in the 1960s. They somehow dropped my name, so I haven't donated for past 30-40 years. About three years ago I somehow got back on their mail list, along with a friend of mine who formerly received mail here. I take great precautions to not let organizations share my name.

But I can't get off the ACLU list; they ignore all my letters of protest. Its frequent solicitations are fat envelopes with alarmist messages written on the outside, and a message URGENT, OPEN IMMEDIATELY. Inside, besides a covering letter, there is a fat yellow envelope:
ACLU PERSONAL FREEDOM SURVEY
REGISTERED MATERIALS
TO BE OPENED BY ADDRESSEE ONLY

It informs me that I must fill out the enclosed questionnaire by a set date (usually a week away). The date keeps receding into the future with each mailing.

Twice I wrote to them explaining why I no longer wanted to receive the solicitations and to please remove me and my friend from its list. I explained it was a great waste of resources, not to mention postage. I refrained from saying the mailings were insults to intelligence. I also emailed them, to no effect. I visited its website, pressed the Contact button, and jumped through all the hoops--all of which took me a total of 30-45 minutes (I'm slow on the internet). In the end I was unsuccessful, as I was unable to direct the message to a (I guess) specific person or department. In frustration, I addressed it to Executive Director. (Failed) Anthony D. Romero (who is the ED). Failed.

How do you get in touch with these people? I recommend against donating to them because an inordinate hunk of it will probably be plowed back into fundraising appeals, rather than to the cause.

(I have had this message in my computer for the better part of a year, wondering whether to post or not. But I just received another mailing today, which means ACLU is probably starting yet another cycle of mailings to me and my friend, and it will go on for weeks, judging from past experience. If anyone knows how to get in touch with them, I would appreciate hearing, or, better, to forward them a copy of this newsletter item. Maybe bad publicity will get their attention.)

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9. Blue Heron nesting
Say, Jake--Forgot to mention a Great Blue Heron nest Im watching at the Palace of Fine Arts. Theyve been on the nest for at least two weeks, maybe three. From their movements, they are egg-sitting at this stage.
The nest is at the top right of what I call the Night Heron treethe sort of bushy tree on the left edge of the island. Some of its branches almost dip into the watergood sitting spots for ducks. You see the tree/island to your right when you are facing the Rotunda from Baker Street. A buddy of mine who walks Crissy Field every day says he hadnt seen the herons he used to see over there lately. Id say, they are too busy! Pretty exciting. Other than people passing by over there and a couple of friends like Koelling, I have NOT broadcast this. Cheers, Linda Sharp

Dominic Mosur (one of our very knowledgeable SF birders) made this posting to the "SF Birds" Yahoo Group:
"At Palace of Fine Arts Lagoon I watched a pair of GREAT BLUE HERONS copulating in a tree on the island (north side of lagoon), with the multitasking female also engaging in nest building and arrangement during breaks from the amorous activities."

According to other more recent posts to the SF Bird group, this year there are active GBHeron nests at Stowe lake, Lake Merced; and an egret is nesting in a former GBH nest in the Presidio. Wow! We've herons and egrets making babies all over the City. Plus we have our beloved PG&E peregrine falcons, who are now incubating four eggs at their nesting scape on the PG&E building.
And another posting:
We think we have eggs hatching. The collective wisdom of the folks at thePalace of Fine Arts today is that the female sat down on the nest
Valentine's Day weekend. Another person besides me had seen the eggs beingrolled around. Today both birds were at the nest and perching outside of it. Might have been feeding a hatchling. Later one sat back down and the otherwent to another tree to supervise. Also heard that one of the herons scaredthe beejeezus out of a bunch of crows who challenged his rights to pick abranch from "their" tree for the nest. Totally glorious! You should haveseen the smiles all around. Cheers, Linda

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10. From Xerces Society
The Senate is currently considering the level of funding to appropriate to pollinator research for the coming year. Please ask your Senators to sign on to an important letter being circulated by Senator Boxer (D-CA) asking the Senate Appropriations Committee to fully allocate $20 million in Fiscal Year 2011 for pollinator research projects.

The deadline for Senators to sign on is close of business (5pm EST) Wednesday March 24th. If Senators or their staff have any questions or would like to sign on, they can contact Senator Boxers office.
Click here to find the phone number for your Senators office.
Background: Senators Barbara Boxer (D-CA), Maria Cantwell (D-WA), Mike Crapo (R-ID), Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), Kristen Gillibrand (D-NY), Tim Johnson (D-SD), Robert Menendez (D-NJ), and Ron Wyden (D-OR) are circulating a letter to the Senate Agriculture Appropriations Subcommittee Chairmen and Ranking Member in support of $20 million for pollinator research at the U.S. Department of Agriculture in FY2011.

The funding, which was authorized in the 2008 Farm Bill, would go toward vital research to combat Colony Collapse Disorder in honey bees and further our scientific understanding of the fundamental services pollinators provide our agricultural economy. Please
click here to read the letter for additional information.
Senators especially need to hear from the agricultural community: farmers, bee keepers, crop advisors, organic certifiers, and others who work directly with farmers. So, please spread the word to your contacts in this community.
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11. From Patrick Schlemmer:
Fellow Naturalists,
I will be the speaker at our meeting on April 8. The topic is bugs! Ill answer the questions that Ive most commonly been asked in my 14 years as Keeper at the San Francisco Insect Zoo. Well talk about praying mantises, honeybees, cockroaches, walkingsticks, black widows, Jerusalem crickets, ladybugs, wasps, tarantulas, scorpions, ants, and others. If theres anything youve always wanted to know about creepy-crawlies, come on out!
Thursday, April 8
Ask the Bug Guy. Patrick Schlemmer is president of the San Francisco Naturalist Society, Beekeeper for the Coyote Point Museum, and long-time Keeper in charge of the San Francisco Insect Zoo. He will give a PowerPoint presentation and answer many of the questions that are commonly asked by visitors at the Insect Zoo.
Randall Museum, 199 Museum Way, San Francisco, 7:30-9 pm. For more information, contact Patrick at jkodiak@earthlink.net or (415) 225-3830. Free and open to everyone.
If you cant make it to our meeting on the eighth, I will be repeating the presentation at the Randall Museums Bug Day on Saturday, April 17.
Patrick Schlemmer
President, San Francisco Naturalist Society
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12.
Bah, humbug
The virtues of pessimism
Dec 17th 2009 | FromThe Economistprint edition
...Two recent books, one from the left, one from the right, lament the American tendency towards mindless optimism. Barbara Ehrenreichs Bright-Sided: How the Relentless Promotion of Positive Thinking Has Undermined America has a smiley-face balloon on its cover. John Derbyshires We Are Doomed: Reclaiming Conservative Pessimism has the most miserable-looking mugshot of an author that Lexington has ever seen. Both writers confront the upbeat and beat them down.
A few years ago Ms Ehrenreich was diagnosed with breast cancer. She started to talk to other afflicted women. She discovered that a positive attitude was more or less compulsory. Most of her fellow sufferers thought it would help them recover. Some even said that cancer was a gift that helped one find lifes purpose. Ms Ehrenreich disagreed. On a breast-cancer bulletin board she posted a message entitled Angry. She complained about the debilitating effects of chemotherapy, recalcitrant insurance companies and, most daringly, sappy pink ribbons. In reply came a chorus of rebukes. One said: You need to run, not walk, to some counselling. This made Ms Ehrenreich even angrier. After sifting through heaps of conflicting evidence, she concluded that positive thinking is probably no help at all.
More generally, Ms Ehrenreich sees an ideological force in American culturethat encourages us to deny reality. She offers many examples. At a confab for motivational speakers, she is told that anyone can achieve infinite power by resonating in tune with the universe. From a popular preacher in Houston, she discovers that God will give big houses and nice tables in restaurants to those who sincerely wish for them. After slogging through countless books and lectures, she learns that food doesnt make you fat unless you think it will, and that you can solve many of lifes problems by avoiding negative people. Ms Ehrenreich wonders what that might mean in practice. One can dump a carping husband, but what of whiny toddlers and sullen teens? And although its probably advisable to exclude from the workplace those who show signs of becoming mass-killers, other annoying people may have something useful to say. America would be in better shape if banks had listened to the killjoys who warned that house prices would not rise for ever.
The prattling pedlars of positivism deserve to be mocked. But Ms Ehrenreich goes further. She argues that the cult of positive thinking makes capitalism even more heartless. Big corporations use self-help mumbo-jumbo to convince employees that they bear responsibility for their own fate, absolving employers from having to care for them. Outplacement agencies teach the freshly downsized to smile and polish their interview skills. Ms Ehrenreich wishes workers would agitate for job security and more democratically organised workplaces. Good luck with that.
Mr Derbyshire, meanwhile, attacks the mindless optimism of the left. Hardly anyone in Barack Obamas cabinet has ever created a dime of wealth, he grumbles, yet Americans expect them to fix the economy. He is disgusted that presidents are revered as omnipotent pharaonic priest-kings. He quotes aNew York Timesreporter who says that given the opportunity, most people could do most anything. Nonsense, says Mr Derbyshire. Half of American children must, mathematically, be below average. Good schools can help them reach their potential, to be sure, but they cannot work miracles. The idea that you can tinker with the education system and suddenly, as George Bush put it, leave no child behind is drivel. Mr Derbyshire also thwacks Mr Bush for imagining he could impose democracy on the Middle East. Ms Ehrenreich concurs, noting that the 43rd president was once a cheerleader.
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13.

Claremont Conservancy field trip March 27 - Wildflowers and other Native Plants along the Side Hill Trail

Please join us for a Saturday Morning nature walk -- Wildflowers and other Native Plants along the Side Hill Trail with Lech Naumovich -- from 10 to 12, March 27.

WHAT WE WILL DO: We will hike a loop from Grizzly Peak, going down the Ridge (aka Stonewall-Panoramic) Trail, and returning on the Sidehill Trail. We will observe several different plant communities on this walk, with a wide variety of interesting taxa- including Berberis, Castilleja, Lupinus, Vicia, and many others. A walking stick might help as the trail is narrow in places, and moderately challenging. This is a wonderful hike for taking pictures up close and with expansive views of the bay in the distance.
WHERE TO MEET: At 10 a.m. along Grizzly Peak Blvd, 0.8 miles north of the intersection with Claremont Ave/Fish Ranch Road.Park near the road that leads to the radio towers. Seemap
OUR LEADER: Lech Naumovich is a botanist, conservation biologist and restoration ecologist. He works as a conservation analyst for California Native Plant Society.
WHAT TO WEAR: Sturdy shoes, layered clothing, hat and walking stick recommended.
RSVPs are not required but would be helpful atmartinholden@mac.com


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14. New book: Hidden Life of the Desert, by Thomas Wiewandt (synopsis)
The Sonoran Desert of the American Southwest is a wonderland of the strange and fascinating. At first glance the hot valley floors and rugged mountainsides may seem barren and inhospitable, but look closely and you may find howling mice and toads that pop out of the sand. With patience you'll see giant centipedes, bobcats, and miniature owls. You could even catch a glimpse of a Gila monster, the only poisonous lizard in the United States. InHidden Life of the Desert, author and nature photographer Thomas Wiewandt introduces young readers to many plants and animals that call the Sonoran Desert home. Following this unique ecosystem through its five seasonsspring, dry summer, wet summer, autumn, and winterHidden Life of the Desertuses stunning color photographs and clear, informative text to explore how life can thrive in a seemingly barren land.

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Vitamins are substances that your body needs to grow and develop normally. There are 13 vitamins your body needs. They are vitaminsA,C,D,E,Kand theB vitamins(thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12 and folate). You can usually get all your vitamins from the foods you eat. Your body can also make vitamins D and K. People who eat avegetarian dietmay need to take a vitamin B12 supplement.
Each vitamin has specific jobs. If you have low levels of certain vitamins, you may develop a deficiency disease. For example, if you don't get enough vitamin D, you could develop rickets. Some vitamins may help prevent medical problems. Vitamin A prevents night blindness.
The best way to get enough vitamins is to eat a balanced diet with a variety of foods. In some cases, you may need to take a daily multivitamin for optimal health. However, high doses of some vitamins can make you sick.                                                                                   
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Vitamin D is a flu fighter
And new study hints at benefits for people with asthma.
By Janet Raloff in Science News
A little over three years ago, a San Francisco-area psychiatrist and several colleagues in other fields floated a provocative hypothesis: that a deficiency in vitamin D the sunshine vitamin might render people vulnerable to infections, including the flu. Now Japanese researchers offer tangible support for that idea. They show that vitamin D supplemented dramatically cut the incidence of seasonal flu among the children they followed.
Their double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was small. Only 334 children completed a three-month course of six pills per day a dropout rate of almost one-quarter. Then again, thats a lot of pills to make kids take each day to get just 1,200 international units of the vitamin. (Especially since the teeny capsule I down contains almost twice that much.)
But the supplementation certainly looked promising. Incidence of influenza A was 10.8 percent among the 167 kids who received vitamin D pills. That's in contrast to a flu rate of 18.6 percent among an equal number of children getting identical looking inert pills. Doctors monitoring the trial confirmed flu cases using a test to assay for the influenza-A germ.
The study has just been published online, ahead of print, in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
Children with asthma may have benefited especially. Two asthma attacks occurred during the trial among kids getting the vitamin, compared to 12 in the unsupplemented group. Then again, the study doesnt note how many kids with a history of asthma had been randomized into each arm of the trial. So its therefore possible that a comparable number of susceptible kids had not been present in each group.
Incidence of another strain of infection influenza B did not vary by supplement group, according to team leader Mitsuyoshi Urashima of the Jikei University School of Medicine in Tokyo, and colleagues. Then again, these researchers argue that any benefits of the vitamin might have been dampened by the timing of its administration. The trial began in December 2008, after the flu season had begun, and the researchers acknowledge that it may take almost three months to reach a steady state of vitamin D concentrations by supplementation. Thus, December might be theoretically too late to start [a flu prevention regimen].
John Cannell, the doc who came up with the idea that vitamin D might trammel flu, reports in his Vitamin D Newsletter, which came out Sunday, that "I hear through the grapevine that the CDC [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention] has discovered that, of the 329 American children who have died so far from H1N1, vitamin D levels in the dead children were lower than in children who survived the swine flu." He offers no additional details.
Vitamin D itself a misnomer since the active chemical is actually a hormone seems to play a pivotal role in total body health. It not only helps build bone and muscle but has been linked to lower risk of gum disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cancer and autoimmune disease.
And the kicker: Most people in the developed world are chronically deficient. Whats more, those who have heavily pigmented skin, are overweight or who live in high latitudes face an aggravated risk of deficiency.
Indeed, a second new study due to appear in the same journal this one by a U.S. team of scientists reports that among a random sample of more than 3,000 postmenopausal women, almost 60 percent were vitamin-D deficient.

Saturday, March 20, 2010

Special to Bayview Hill-Jake Sigg's Nature News

1.   Emergency planting of endangered Contra Costa wallflower Sunday 21 March, Antioch Dunes
2.   White Crown Sparrow habitat planting in GGP Saturday 20/birding with Josiah Clark 8 am
3.   Some musings on the Central Subway boondoggle
4.   SFUSD funds Environmental Futures Contest
5.   Pacifica's secret waterfall on video
6.   Ted Kipping potluck/slide show:  Kamchatka, March 23
7.   Urban Food Production March 27 at GFE
8.   Revolution under our feet:  12,800 quadrillion (count 'em) organisms in top 8 cm of soil
9.   Mad dogs and Englishmen:  The power of language
10. Between XX and XY; Intersexuality and the Myth of Two Sexes
11.  President Obama asks for money for international family planning.  Encourage him
12.  Comeback America; Turning the Country Around and Restoring Fiscal Responsibility.  We each owe $483,000
13.  The 1960s' Coming Age of Leisure.  What happened?
14.  Scientific American:  fundamentally altering the planet/breaking the growth habit
15.  Inside the fertility-industrial complex:  The Baby Business:  How Money, Science, and Politics Drive the Commerce of Conception
16.  Disaster goes global:  Lessons from a Peruvian volcanic eruption in 1600

Save the date:  UCSF is changing its management plan for Mt Sutro.  Come to hearing on March 24.  Details in next newsletter
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1.  We are having an emergency planting of our endangered Contra Costa wallflower at Antioch Dunes this Sunday, March 21 starting at 10 am.  

Bring lunch, water bottle, layered clothing, sun protection, and knee pads if you like.  We will supply tools and gloves and extra drinking water.  I need to know how many people are coming so please send me an email:  susan_euing@yahoo.com

Directions to Antioch Dunes NWR:
From the south:  Get to 680 N and head towards Walnut Creek and Concord.  In Concord, take Hwy 242 East towards Antioch.  Hwy 242 will become Hwy 4.  Go several miles east to reach Antioch and take the A Street/Lone Tree exit.  At bottom of ramp, go L under freeway and proceed on A Street about a mile.  Go R onto Wilbur Avenue.  At first light, turn L onto Fulton Shipyard Road.  Proceed down FS Rd. and cross the RR tracks.  The refuge driveway is the second one on the R after the RR Tracks (see large brown sign for Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge.)  The address is 501 Fulton Shipyard Road, Antioch, CA.

From the north:  Get to 680 S towards Martinez then take Hwy 4 East.  Follow directions above.
Susan Euing, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Alameda Point PH: (510) 521-9624

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2.  White Crown Sparrow Habitat Ongoing Volunteer Programming (every 3rd Saturday) 
                Saturday, March 20 
                8am Bird Walk with Josiah Clark, 9am-12noon work party, maintaining new native site plantings 
                Meet in front of the Bison Paddock in Golden Gate Park 

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3.  Regarding Central Subway (from Name Withheld):

[boondoggle,  noun
work or activity that is wasteful or pointless but gives the appearance of having value 
• a public project of questionable merit that typically involves political patronage and graft]

Is it possible that:

a.  the Central Subway's real purpose is not so much to help the people of Chinatown as to address the transportation impacts of the SOMA densification, ie.increase in height limits soon to come?

b.  the TransBay project (which has stretched from 550 feet to 800 then 1000 and now, 1200 feet) is the beachhead for super heights now slated for Mission Street, 2nd past 5th?

c.  Hearst has become a San Francisco Real Estate Syndicate and that they expect to be rezoned from 550 feet to 800-1000-1200 feet, and that in exchange, the mission of the Chronicle is now to watch the back of those coordinating this redevelopment (Macris, The Michaels--both Cohen & Yarne--and the downtown developers)--and that all of this explains why the Hearst is subsidizing the Chron?

d.  the Chron therefore manufacturing the news, at least as it pertains to development and planning?

e.  the same could be said of the Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) proposal for Van Ness when the Transit Assessment Project (TAP) says that an Express 49 would reduce transit time equally well? (when asked MTA why the mayor has not simply ordered the TAP recommendations on the Express 49 implemented--at no cost--they said that they did not know).

f.  Express 49 might kill Van Ness BRT?

g.  California Pacific Medical Center at Van Ness and Geary is really the beachhead for densification for Van Ness and Geary?  400 feet is now being discussed for Japantown and for Geary and Masonic as well.

This author supports densification--but in the appropriate place.  Certain areas: barrier islands (Miami), land under sea-water or soon to be under sea-water (New Orleans and perhaps, Mission Bay), some soil conditions (such as liquefaction-able ground), and major seismic zones (San Francisco and much of Coastal California) may not be well suited for 1200 foot cantilevered buildings when structural engineers tell me that they may--or may not--stand, especially on SOMA's liquefaction-able ground.   

Engineering is an empirical science.  We learn by our mistakes and by trial and error.  

Just remember, a building falls one-and-one-half times its height.  This means TransBay could fall as far north as Union Square.
                                                                        __________________________

Smart people believe weird things because they are skilled at defending beliefs they arrived at for nonsmart reasons. 
Michael Shermer, Scientific American Sept 2002


"Blessed be those of low expectations, for they shall not be disappointed."
   Eugene V. Debs

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4.  From Jim LeCuyer:

Hi Jake.  Amid disasters a small good thing.  The San Francisco Unified School District has offered to fund Environmental Futures Contest at the rate of $3000 a year on a permanent basis.  This contest will encourage teachers to teach to the environment in all subjects (each year a different subject), not just Science but English, Math, History, Social Science and all subjects in the public schools, even P.E.  The idea behind the contest is that teachers and students will plan classroom lessons or events on the environment and teach them in accord with the subject matter.  A pilot program completed last year that encouraged English teachers to work environmentally in English was won by Barbara Brewer's Third Period Tenth Grade English Class at Washington High.   Speakers on global warming came to the class, then the class discussed what they learned, and then each kid read articles and did research on the impact of global warming and wrote an essay, using MLA guidelines, and all within the context of English.  The essays were terrific, and showed a lot of interest and effort beyond the ordinary.  There will be a presentation of $1000 and an award ceremony with student Franchesca Finnigan reading from her essay at the SF School Board on 27 April.   You are invited to come.  Seven pm, Tuesday 27 April, SFUSD School Board meeting, featuring a brief Award ceremony honoring the students and teacher who won the Fall 2009 Environmental Futures Contest for Public Schools.  555 Franklin Street  (On Franklin just north of Market and west of City Hall ).
    If we could spread this idea around the US, we would conceivably help change the environmental attitudes of our culture, and improve and give deeper meaning to our schools.  And if anyone would like to add funds, we would help facilitate this through SFUSD, which is the ultimate nonprofit.  I'm trying to get the Board of Supervisors to kick in some matching funds, and could use some help there.  If we could establish a $15,000 permanent yearly contest, we could include many subjects at many grade levels every year.  A contest gets a lot of bang for the buck.  
    I send my grateful thanks to all those Jake Sigg aficionados who encouraged us and helped make this a reality.  It took ten years of floundering effort to get this far.   We owe much to former School Board Members Mark Sanchez and Eric Mar, and to new Superintendent Carlos Garcia, and to the SFUSD Director of  Sustainability, Nik Kaestner.   Jim LeCuyer.  Director, Environmental Futures Contest for Public Schools.  jimlecuyer@sbcglobal.net

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5.  From Ian Butler, discoverer and protector of Pacifica's secret waterfall.  You can see other items on his website, including a close-up of an endangered San Francisco gartersnake:

Here is a video I made of the Secret Waterfall in Pacifica. Perhaps your Nature News readers may like to see it?

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6.  Ted Kipping pot luck/slide shows
4th Tuesday of the month at 7 pm at the San Francisco County Fair Bldg, 9th Av & Lincoln Way in Golden Gate Park
Served by Muni bus lines #6, 43, 44, 66, 71, and the N-Judah Metro

*Please bring a dish and beverage to serve 8 people

Mar 23                                   Segrid Selle:  Kamchatka:  Land of ice and fire

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7.
URBAN FOOD PRODUCTION
Date: Saturday, March 27, 2010
Time:
 10AM – 12:00 NOON
Location: Garden for the Environment, 
7th Ave at Lawton Street, San Francisco
Cost:
 $15 - To pre-register, please call (415) 731-5627, or email info@gardenfortheenvironment.org

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8.  The revolution under our feet

Unnoticed by people of Britain, a transformation has been happening beneath their feet.  

In just the top 8cm of dirt, soil scientists estimate there are 12.8 quadrillion (12,800 million million) living organisms, weighing 10m tonnes, and, incredibly, that the number of these invertebrates has increased by nearly 50% in a decade.  At the same time, however, the diversity of life in the earth appears to have reduced.  

The most likely reason for both the increase in numbers and the decrease in types is the rise of annual temperatures and rainfall over the decade of the study, leading to warmer, wetter summers, said (the study leader).  The theory is that the warmer, wetter soil encourages most of the bugs to breed faster or for longer, but that more marginal species have been unable to adapt to the new conditions.  They are less certain about whether the changes are a threat or a boon.  "If you look at the soil, most of it comes out of the back end of the animals.  The question is whether we have lost resilience in the soil.  Is diversity important for the soil to bounce back after multiple pressures?"

Although the study looked at only the top 8cm of soil, the results were likely to cover most active life underground, said (the researcher).  "In fairness, it's where most of them are:  they know where all the carbon and nutrients are concentrated."

The decrease in the variety of species found was much smaller--11%--and the scientists warn that further research is needed to be sure of the trends.  Biodiversity helps the soil to cope with future threats from pollution and climate change, and is a "pool from which future novel applications and products can be derived", notes the report.

Guardian Weekly 12.03.10

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9.
Mad dogs and Englishmen
From Guardian Weekly February 3, 199_ (Gulf War)

We have                                                                                            They have
Army, Navy and Air Force                                                            A war machine
Reporting guidelines                                                                      Censorship
Press briefings                                                                                 Propaganda

We                                                                                                      They
Take out                                                                                            Destroy
Suppress                                                                                           Destroy
Eliminate                                                                                          Kill
Neutralise or decapitate                                                                 Kill
Dig in                                                                                                Cower in their foxholes

We launch                                                                             They launch
First strikes                                                                           Sneak missile attacks
Pre-emptively                                                                       Without provocation

Our men are…                                                                     Their men are…
Boys                                                                                       Troops
Lads                                                                                       Hordes

Our boys are…                                                                     Theirs are…
Professional                                                                          Brainwashed
Lion-hearts                                                                            Paper tigers
Cautious                                                                                Cowardly
Confident                                                                              Desperate
Heroes                                                                                   Cornered
Dare-devils                                                                           Cannon fodder
Young knights of the skies                                                  Bastards of Baghdad
Loyal                                                                                      Blindly obedient
Desert rats                                                                             Mad dogs
Resolute                                                                                 Ruthless
Brave                                                                                      Fanatical

Our boys are motivated by                                    Their boys are motivated by
An old-fashioned sense of duty                            Fear of Saddam

Our boys                                                                               Their boys
Fly into the jaws of hell                                                       Cower in concrete bunkers

Our ships are…                                                                    Iraq ships are…
An armada                                                                            A navy

Israeli non-retaliation is                                         Iraq non-retaliation is
An act of great statesmanship                                Blundering/Cowardly

Our missiles are…                                                   Their missiles are…
Like Luke Skywalker zapping                              Ageing duds (rhymes with Scuds)
Darth Vader

Our missiles cause…                                              Their missiles cause…
Collateral damage                                                   Civilian casualties

We…                                                                                      They…
Precision bomb                                                                    Fire wildly at anything in the skies

Our PoWs are…                                                                   Their PoWs are…
Gallant boys                                                                          Overgrown schoolchildren

George Bush is…                                                                Saddam Hussein is…
At peace with himself                                                         Demented
Resolute                                                                                            Defiant
Statesmanlike                                                                       An evil tyrant
Assured                                                                                             A crackpot monster

Our planes…                                                                        Their planes…
Suffer a high rate of attrition                                  Are shot out of the sky
Fail to return from missions                                   Are zapped

(Guardian editor’s note:  All the expressions above have been used by the British press in covering the war so far.)

                                                                                                They say that in the end truth will triumph, but it's a lie.  Anton Chekhov

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10.  Between XX and XY; Intersexuality and the Myth of Two Sexes, by Gerald N Callahan, PhD

Combining passion with current scientific information, Callahan, an immunologist/pathologist at Colorado State University, explains why our conception of two sexes is more a social than a biological construct. He argues that there are no simple, foolproof ways to determine sex. For example chromosomal structure, XX for females and XY for males, is not fully predictive because of various genetic disorders that can play a larger role. Similarly, genitalia can be quite varied and represent a continuum of difference rather than two discrete points. Callahan does a good job of exploring intersex individuals, who are neither male nor female, and argues that they need to be accepted for what they are and not viewed as defective. Further, he provides provocative evidence that surgical gender reconstruction is often unsuccessful. Although Callahan attempts to make the case that some non-Western societies have a less bipolar view of gender, his abbreviated presentation is not very convincing. He is, however, persuasive that better understanding of and respect for sex and gender variability would be far healthier for the 65,000-plus intersex people born each year and society in general.

Reviews
"Callahan does a good job of exploring intersex individuals, who are neither male nor female, and argues that they need to be accepted for what they are and not viewed as defective."  —Publishers Weekly 
"Immunologist Callahan takes a fascinating look at the biology and human experience of intersexuality, a state in between male and female."  —Discover Magazine
"There are lots of interesting nuggets here—for example, Callahan's description of biological sex as a spectrum, not a binary system."  —doubleX 
"This book takes readers through an alphabet of gender and gender variations. Callahan shows readers that rather than either/or scenarios, there have always been variations; his book shatters our society's take on pink and blue."  —Advocate.com 
"This is a fascinating, easily understandable journey into why we are born male or female and examines our age-old obsession with sex."  —Fort Collins Coloradoan

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11/  From Population Connection:

President Obama recently released the details of his proposed budget for Fiscal Year 2011, and after reviewing the numbers, we’re thrilled to report that the President has called for nearly $716 million in funding for international family planning. This is a $67 million increase from the FY 2010 enacted level, and a $252 million increase from the last Bush-era budget in 2008.
This is a major step towards restoring the United States to a position of leadership in international family planning, and it proves that this President really does understand how vitally important that leadership is. We aren’t there yet, but this new increase puts us much closer to our ultimate goal--$1 billion, enough to meet the United States’ fair share of global unmet need for family planning.
In this economic climate, such a significant increase is courageous and underscores the President’s deep commitment to this issue. It is also likely to draw fire from our opponents, who refuse to acknowledge the benefits of real investment in family planning.
We know that the President will have to fight to get this spending level enacted, and we need to let him know that we are with him. Please take a moment and tell President Obama “Thank You” for his support.
                                                                                                                                                                        ___________________________
LTE, Science News
...Science and technology have bettered the lives of millions, and the future remains bright as long as human imagination thrives.  A troubling trend, though, is that no new farmland is being created, and neither is air or open space.

The question is not whether science can continue to pull off miracles.  And it's not whether human population will continue to grow.  The real question is at what point will science not deliver enough to stop humans from crowding themselves and every living thing off our planet?

If we don't seek an equilibrium, Mother Nature will enforce one.  If we don't stop the population from growing, not even science will be able to save us.  Why isn't this a component of our foreign policy?
Barry Demchak, La Jolla, California

                                                                                                "Buy real estate. God's not making any more of it."   - Tony Soprano
                                                                                                                                                                                    _____________________

"There is always an applied side to thinking deeply.  In any society there are many complicated issues that unfortunately get simplified to the point where short-sightedness wins...Science teaches us to think more broadly than that.  If we really had wise leaders, they would take the long-term perspective seriously precisely because we are so prone to ignore it.  They should listen to scientists and philosophers much more than economists who tend to be interested in what happens in the next annual quartile."

Animal ecologist Hanna Kokko of University of Helsinki in 9 September Current Biology

(If we really had wise leaders, they would take the long-term perspective seriously?  No they wouldn't.  If they did they would be voted out of office at the next election, if not recalled before that.  In fact, they probably wouldn't even have been elected in the first place.  Mr Kokko, like many academics, don't understand people or politics.  JS)

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12.
                                                                                                We’ve wasted our favorite crisis.
                                                                                                                                                                        __________________________

Comeback America; Turning the Country Around and Restoring Fiscal Responsibility, by David M Walker

(Following are some hastily-scribbled notes from Terry Gross interview of David Walker on Fresh Air.  David Walker is now CEO of the Peter G. Peterson Fund, and was head of the Government Accountability Office under both Bill Clinton and Geo W Bush.  Both the President and the Prime Minister of China asked for an audience with Walker, but George W refused to talk to him!!)

Some points by Walker:

W was the biggest spender in our history; he doubled our debt, and it could double again at current rate.
Very few tax cuts pay for themselves, and they don't stimulate.
The govt has made $50 trillion in unfunded promises.  (That's trillions.)

There is not a dime in the Social Security fund.  And it is not counted as a liability!!  All the $ that we have been paying into the fund has been spent, and in place of it there is an IOU.  The fund has been paying out more than it's taking in.  2010 is the year when it is officially out of money.  

(JS:  And who will pay the IOU?  They were either unborn or too young to vote when all this was happening.  Should we feel sorry for them?  Of course, but bear in mind that we [including me] were only too happy to ignore the problem.  We love to have our congressional representative bring money and projects into our district, don't we?  Both conservatives and liberals love pork equally.

In 1988 there was publicity about the state of the Social Security trust fund; it was on the front pages for awhile, but died away.  It couldn't have died without our complicity.

Proposals for paying down the ensuing debt are predicated on a thriving economy, which isn't going to happen.  The economic glory days are over.  There is only one way the debt can be "paid"--inflation.  My expectation is that in coming years we will purposely inflate as much as we can get by with.  That is why you should protect yourself with something tangible:  property, precious metals, &c.

Following is an excerpted article from the Wall Street Journal.)

Warning: The Deficits Are Coming!
The former head of the Government Accountability Office is on a crusade to alert taxpayers to their true obligations.
By John Fund, WSJ.com, 4 September 2009

David Walker sounds like a modern-day Paul Revere as he warns about the country's perilous future. "We suffer from a fiscal cancer," he tells a meeting of the National Taxpayers Union, the nation's oldest anti-tax lobby. "Our off-balance sheet obligations associated with Social Security and Medicare put us in a $56 trillion financial hole—and that's before the recession was officially declared last year. America now owes more than Americans are worth—and the gap is growing!"
His audience sits in rapt attention. A few years ago these antitax activists would have been polite but a tad restless listening to the former head of the Government Accountability Office, the nation's auditor-in-chief. Higher taxes is what hikes their blood pressure the most, but the profligate spending of the Bush and Obama administrations has put them in a mood to listen to this green-eyeshade Cassandra.
...Mr. Walker, a 57-year-old accountant, didn't set out to be a fiscal truth-teller. He rose to be a partner and global managing director of Arthur Anderson, before being named assistant secretary of labor for pensions and benefits during the Reagan administration. Under the first President Bush, he served as a trustee for Social Security and Medicare, an experience that convinced him both programs are looming train wrecks that could bankrupt the country. In 1998 he was appointed by President Bill Clinton to head the GAO, where he spent the next decade issuing reports trying to stem waste, fraud and abuse in government.  
Despite many successes, he was able to make only limited progress in reforming Washington's tangled bookkeeping. When he arrived he was told the Pentagon was nearly a decade away from having a clean audit, or clear evidence that its financial statements were accurate. When he left in 2008, he was told the Pentagon was still a decade away from that goal. "If the federal government was a private corporation, its stock would plummet and shareholders would bring in new management and directors," he said as he retired from the GAO.
...His group calls itself strictly nonpartisan and nonideological, and that seems to limit how tough and specific it can be. Last year, it released a documentary "I.O.U.S.A.," that followed Mr. Walker as he toured the country on his fiscal "wake up" tour. The solutions the film proposes for the debt crisis are either glib or gray: The country should save more, reduce oil consumption, hold politicians accountable and get more value from health-care spending.  But in its diagnosis of the problem the film scores a bull's-eye. 
...Mr. Walker's own speeches are vivid and clear. "We have four deficits: a budget deficit, a savings deficit, a value-of-the-dollar deficit and a leadership deficit," he tells one group. "We are treating the symptoms of those deficits, but not the disease."
Mr. Walker (Peter G Peterson Foundation) identifies the disease as having a basic cause: "Washington is totally out of touch and out of control," he sighs. "There is political courage there, but there is far more political careerism and people dodging real solutions." He identifies entrenched incumbency as a real obstacle to change. "Members of Congress ensure they have gerrymandered seats where they pick the voters rather than the voters picking them and then they pass out money to special interests who then make sure they have so much money that no one can easily challenge them," he laments. He believes gerrymandering should be curbed and term limits imposed if for no other reason than to inject some new blood into the system. On campaign finance, he supports a narrow constitutional amendment that would bar congressional candidates from accepting contributions from people who can't vote for them: "If people can't vote in a district not their own, should we allow them to spend unlimited money on behalf of someone across the country?  (Emphases mine.) 
Medicare is a much bigger challenge (than Social Security), exacerbated by the addition of a drug entitlement component in 2003, pushed through a Republican Congress by the Bush administration. "The true costs of that were hidden from both Congress and the people," Mr. Walker says sternly. "The real liability is some $8 trillion."
That brings us to the issue of taxes. Wouldn't any "grand bargain" involve significant tax increases that would only hurt the ability of the economy to grow? "Taxes are going up, for reasons of math, demographics and the fact that elements of the population that want more government are more politically active," he insists. "The key will be to have tax reform that simplifies the system and keeps marginal rates as low as possible. The longer people resist addressing both sides of the fiscal equation the deeper the hole will get."
I steer towards the fiscal direction of the Obama administration. He says his stimulus bill was sold as something it wasn't: "A number of people had agendas other than stimulus, and they shaped the package."
As for health care, Mr. Walker says he had hopes for comprehensive health-care reform earlier this year and met with most of the major players to fashion a compromise. "President Obama got the sequence wrong by advocating expanding coverage before we've proven our ability to control costs," he says. "If we don't get our fiscal house in order, but create new obligations we'll have a Thelma and Louise moment where we go over the cliff." Mr. Walker's preferred solution is a plan that combines universal coverage for all Americans with an overall limit on the federal government's annual health expenditures. His description reminds me of the unicorn—a marvelous creature we all wish existed but is not likely to ever be seen on this earth.
...Despite an occasional detour into support for government intervention, Mr. Walker remains the Jeffersonian he grew up as in his native Virginia. "I view the Constitution with deep respect," he told me. "My ancestors and those of my wife fought and died in the Revolution, and I care a lot about returning us to the principles of the Founding Fathers."
He notes that today the role of the federal government has grown such that last year less than 40% of it related to the key roles the Founders envisioned for it: defense, foreign policy, the courts and other basic functions. "What happened to the Founders' intent that all roles not expressly reserved to the federal government belong to the states, and ultimately the people?" he asks. "I'm pleased the recent town halls show people are waking up and realizing it's time to pay attention to first principles."                                                   
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13.  Notes & Queries, Guardian Weekly

Why are holidays so short?
Back in the 1960s all talk of the future was of the coming Age of Leisure, with production of goods and other repetitive tasks carried out efficiently using modern technology, thereby reducing working hours and leaving us with loads of free time to relax, pursue pastimes and develop artistic and cultural activities.

So what happened?  An unholy alliance of insatiable consumer greed for unnecessary goods together with a rampant market economy has trapped us on the treadmill and forced us to work ever longer hours.  So much for the Age of Leisure!

If we reverted to a 1960s standard of living, using current technology and equitably distributed, we could all have much longer holidays...and be a lot happier too.  Felix Ansell, Bradford, UK

The greatest danger, that of losing one's own self, may pass quietly as if it were nothing; every other loss, that of an arm, a leg, five dollars...is sure to be noticed.                    Soren Kierkegaard 
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14.
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN MAGAZINE: Living On a New Earth
Humankind has fundamentally altered the planet. But new thinking and new actions can prevent us from destroying ourselves

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN MAGAZINE: Breaking the Growth Habit
Society can safeguard its future only by switching from reckless economic growth to smart maintenance of wealth and resources
"So bleak is the picture...that the bulldozer and not the atomic bomb may turn out to be the most destructive invention of the 20th century."
- Philip Shabecoff, American environmental journalist
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15.
Inside the fertility-industrial complex
Washington Post, 31 March 2006

The Baby Business:  How Money, Science, and Politics Drive the Commerce of Conception, by Debora L Spar, reviewed by David Plotz 

Infertility in America has become a string of titillating anecdotes, one long episode of Oprah:  “The surrogate took our baby”; “Our baby has three mothers”; “I used my dead son’s frozen sperm to make a grandchild”, “My ex-wife stole our IVF embryos”.  Heartwarming, heartbreaking – these stories are all heart.  We are so busy emoting that we never stop to think what on earth is going on here?

Fortunately the very sharp-eyed, clear-headed and unsentimental Debora L Spar is not so easily distracted by these inconceivable tales.  She has recognized what no one involved in infertility wants to acknowledge (or wants their customers to know):  that it is a business.  In fact it is more than a business:  It is an industry and its product is babies. 

The Baby Business is as smart and sensible a book as you could hope to find about such a charged subject.  Its principal point is that making babies these days does not always involve the old-fashioned method.  There are 8 million infertile women in the United States alone, and they are spending about $3bn a year to try to help themselves conceive.  There is not a market for babies—propriety restrains all but the most desperate from actually buying children—but there is a market for everything else:  sperm ($275 a vial), eggs (up to $50,000 apiece), nine months’ use of a womb ($20,000), the creation of an embryo ($12,000 per cycle). 

The fertility-industrial complex is a stunning array of businesses—practically a microcosm of the entire global economy.  It includes the manufacturing of fertility hormones, harvesting of renewable natural resources (sperm and egg collection), international trade (foreign adoptions), expert services (IVF and other hi-tech medicine), and even rental real estate (surrogate mothers) and long-term storage (embryo banks). 

What is perhaps most interesting about The Baby Business is what it is not obsessed with.  Unlike almost every writer who touches the subject, Spar doesn’t fixate on ethics…Fertility treatments are troubling not because they could lead to a genetic elite or clone armies or other horrors, but because people are getting ripped off.

…The second major problem with the fertility market is that no one who works in it wants to acknowledge it exists.  The brokers who recruit egg donors and surrogates tend to portray themselves and the women they recruit as good Samaritans.  Fertility doctors duck behind the shield of Hippocrates.  They deny that what they are doing is commercial; they insist that they are just trying to help their suffering patients, and don’t point out that each of these new techniques makes them a fortune.  This pretence of noncommercial activity makes infertility very opaque for customers:  they don’t know whether they ought to be paying what they are paying, or if they are getting a good service, because the usual market checks—information, competition, transparency—are absent.
                                                                                                          ___________________________

Nancy Dunn:
While I carefully tiptoe around the immigration question for the moment, I'd like to say that I share your interest in the fertility industry. A few years ago, when I was a newly arrived resident of Connecticut, the state legislature passed a law (then signed by Gov. Jodi Rell) to oblige insurance policies to cover fertility treatments. I was appalled: that obliges all the people who pay for the insurance to subsidize this high cost of producing excess human beings for couples they don't know and who might not even stay together for the length of time it takes to raise any resulting children. Fertility treatments produce human beings very expensively. And medically expensive babies and children at a higher rate, too, if I understand the statistics correctly. Neonatal medical expenses for the premature babies that result from fertility treatments (a higher than normal rate of multiple births result from fertility treatments) is an astronomical cost that is (ahem) born by all the policyholders. Some of those babies with congenital conditions need expensive medical care for years, if not for the rest of their lives. It seemed to me a scandalously wrongheaded public policy in a time when limiting population growth would seem to be the rational policy, and I've meant for years to dissect the process of how that decision was made to find out how such very narrow special interests could have thrust their expenses on the mass of the insurance-premium-paying public. So, in my state,  at least, the fertility industry does not concern only very rich people.
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16.  Disaster Goes Global
The eruption in 1600 of a seemingly quiet volcano in Peru changed global climate and triggered famine as far away as Russia
...Through a chance meeting on an airplane, (the researcher) Verosub found that the Peruvian volcano Huaynaputina may have triggered substantial social upheaval as well.  While he chatted with a seatmate about his research on the effects of volcanic eruptions, a fellow seated in the row behind--Chester Dunning, a historian specializing in Russian history--overheard the conversation and introduced himself. 
Verosub asked "So, did anything interesting happen in Russia in 1601?"  "Oh, yeah.  That was a terribly cold time in Russia."  That cold spell was just the beginning of the nation's woes, Dunning continued...another agricultural failure the following year led to widespread starvation in both 1602 and 1603. 
This lengthy famine--Russia's worst, says Dunning--claimed the lives of an estimated 2 million people, or about one-third of the population, and more than 100,000 died in Moscow alone.  Government inability to alleviate both the calamity and the subsequent unrest eventually led to the overthrow of Czar Boris Godunov, a defining event in Russian history.  
...Is the situation any better today?  Would modern technology and an increased global interconnectedness enable 21st century humans to better survive an immense, Earth-chilling eruption?  Surprisingly, the answer to both questions may be no.
In the past, Verosub notes, most of a society's foodstuffs were grown locally and in wide variety, so not every crop required the full growing season to mature.  Therefore, any event that shortened a region's growing season didn't necessarily doom the entire harvest.  Staples that formed the bulk of the diet were, for the most part, homegrown.
Today, on the other hand, most large-scale agricultural production focuses on a single crop that's chosen to take full advantage of a region's climate in order to realize maximum output--a severe disadvantage if the growing season is significantly trimmed by, say, a volcanic eruption.
Not only were pre-industrial farming practices possibly more resilient to total agricultural failure, people then "were used to living on the margin.  Everybody knew hunger...and the idea that you should plan for a bad year was ingrained in these societies", Dunning said.
Today, by comparison, the world's surplus food supply would last only about 90 days, a number that's steadily dropping as population increases.  Additional pressure on food, water and other resources in some nations, such as China, stem from a rapidly increasing standard of living and the resulting changes in dietary preferences.
Humans are consuming an ever-increasing fraction of the biological productivity at the base of Earth's food chain, in some regions almost two-thirds of the biomass that would be available if humans weren't clearing forests, farming or otherwise occupying the land.  Rising population, plus the shift in some areas to divert agricultural production to produce inedible commodities such as ethanol, has led many to suggest a modern-day food crisis is at hand.
Excerpt from Science News 30 Aug 08 
(A while back I printed an LTE to The Economist from a writer who raised the possibility of volcanoes and solar output canceling in the short term the effects of human-generated warming activities.  I expect Murphy's Law to show up in next few years in order to give skeptics another reason to deny the problem.  Far-fetched?  Remember, God is a Republican.)  
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“Which is it, is man one of God’s blunders or is God one of man’s?”  Friedrich Nietzsche